2018年普通專升本英語考試：情態(tài)動詞考點分析！

    考點1:情態(tài)動詞基本含義的考查
    情態(tài)動詞的基本含義，一直是考查的重要內(nèi)容。
    例如：
    1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out.
    A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
    解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的基本含義。had to：不得不； would：表示意愿或過去常常；could傾向于表示經(jīng)過長期訓(xùn)練而獲得的能力；was able to 表示經(jīng)過努力而能夠做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C.
    分析：對情態(tài)動詞基本含義的考查，仍然集中在常用的情態(tài)動詞上。對常用情態(tài)動詞的含義，要掌握的既準(zhǔn)確又要全面，特別是shall， should， can， may 四個常用情態(tài)動詞的含義較多，不易理解，復(fù)習(xí)時應(yīng)當(dāng)引起重視。

    考點2:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的考查
    對情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法，是高考考查情態(tài)動詞的一個重要方面。
    例如：
    1. Sorry， I'm late. I______have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again
    A. might B. should C. can D. will
    解析：might have done ： （過去）可能做過某事；shouldhave done ：本應(yīng)該做某事。根據(jù)本句提供的情境I'm late 表明說話人可能把鬧鐘關(guān)上了。答案是：A.
分析：對表示推測的情態(tài)動詞集中在must， can， could， may， might上，準(zhǔn)確掌握它們使用的場合，是解決問題的關(guān)鍵。Must 用于肯定陳述句，表示肯定推測；can， could用于疑問或否定陳述句，表示可能性推測；may， might用于陳述句，表示可能性推測；用于否定陳述句中，can't （不可能）的語氣比may not（可能不）強(qiáng)。此外，還要注意有對過去和對現(xiàn)在兩種情況的推測，對過去推測用情態(tài)動詞+have done ，對現(xiàn)在推測用情態(tài)動詞+ 動詞原形。

    考點3:情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬的考查
    情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞表示與過去事實上相反的情況，也是高考單項選擇題涉及到情態(tài)動詞的一個重要方面。
    1. There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You______come， but why didn't you？
    A. must have   B. should   C. need have D. ought to have
    解析：ought to have done 表示本來應(yīng)該做某事而實際沒做，should do 表示現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該做某事，與題中 at yesterday's party 表示的時間不一致。所以選D.
    分析：對情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬'用法，表示與過去事實相反的情況。近幾年，主要側(cè)重should （not）have done 這一句式上，表示本來不該做卻做了或本來該做卻未做的事，在復(fù)習(xí)時，還應(yīng)關(guān)注其它幾種虛擬形式，如need （not）have done 表示本來需要做而未做或本來不需要而做的事等等，以做到有備無患。

    考點4:情態(tài)動詞與助動詞混合考查
    1.Tom ，you didn't come to the party last night？
    —I _____， but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .
    A. had to B. didn't C. was going to D. wouldn't
    解析：had to：不得不；didn't：沒來；was going to：打算來；wouldn't：不愿來。句意：——湯姆，昨晚你沒來參加舞會嗎？——我本打算來，但我突然記起有作業(yè)要做。But是關(guān)鍵詞，所以答案是：C.
    模擬題及其答案
    1. “I still haven't thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It's time you _____.”
    A. do B. did C. had D. would
    2. If I hadn't been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
    A. don't know B. hadn't known  C. wasn't knowing D. wouldn't know
    3. “I've told everyone about it.” “Oh， I'd rather you _____.”
    A. don't B. hadn't     C. couldn't D. wouldn't
    4. It has been raining for a day， but eventhough it hadn't rained， we _____ there by tomorrow.
    A. can't get B. won't get   C. hadn't got D. wouldn't get
    5. “Do you know his address？” “No， I also wish I _____ where he _____.”
    A. knew， live B. knew， lives    C. know， lives D. know， lived
    6. “Isn't it about time you _____ to do morning exercises？” “Yes， it is. Would you like to join us？”
    A. begin B. have begunC. began D. had begun
    7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love， at the age of seven， with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
    A. wouldn't have fallen B. had not fallen   C. should fall D. were to fall
    8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball， otherwise he ____ a goal.
    A. had scored B. scored  C. would score D. would have scored
    9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed， he would not suffer so much now.
    A. lies B. lay  C. had lain D. should lie
    10. Without the air to hold some of the sun'sheat， the earth at night ____ for us to live.
    A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly  C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
   【答案與解析】
    1. 【解析】選B.It's time you did 為 It's time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，it's time 后從句通常要用過去式。
    2. 【解析】選A.雖然前有虛擬條件句， 后有使用了虛擬語氣的賓語，但 I don't know 卻宜用一般現(xiàn)在時，因為 I don't know 表述的是現(xiàn)在的真實情況，句意為“我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知（指現(xiàn)在不知）我會做出什么蠢事來”。
    3. 【解析】選B.I'd rather 后接從句時，從句謂語的時態(tài)規(guī)律是：用過去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，用過去完成式表示過去。
    4. 【解析】選A.we can't get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實，故宜用陳述語氣。
    5. 【解析】選B.第一空填 knew，因為 I wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣（即用過去式表示現(xiàn)在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 I wish 的內(nèi)容。
    6. 【解析】選C.It's time… / It's high time… / It's about time… 等后接從句時，從句謂語通常用過去式。
    7. 【解析】選 B.此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。
    8. 【解析】8. 選 D.這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據(jù)前面的 hesitated 可進(jìn)一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，由此可推知答案選 D.
    9. 【解析】選 C.if only意為“要是……就好了”，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，同時根據(jù) as the doctor instructed 中的過去時態(tài)可知從句是與過去事實相反，故選 C.
    10. 【解析】選 A.without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現(xiàn)在事實相反的含蓄條件句。【答案】C